BM 4th semester Electronic Circuits SYLLABUS RGTU/RGPV Electronic Circuits SYLLABUS

BM-404 Electronic Circuits SYLLABUS 

 RGTU/RGPV Electronic Circuits  SYLLABUS

Bio-Medical Engineering  BM 4th Semester Electronic Circuits Syllabus,

Unit-I  Amplifier Basics, Transistor as an amplifier, load line, Q-point and its selection criteria, designing of fixed bias and self-bias, stability of biasing circuits, calculation of stability factor. 
Transistor at low frequency: frequency response, bandwidth, h-parameter analysis of CC, CB and CE configuration, simplified model, gain and impedance calculation of single stage amplifier. 
Transistor at high frequency, high frequency model (hybrid-p), Parameters and their definition, Miller capacitance and its effect on voltage gain, 

Unit-II Feedback amplifier: positive and negative feedback loop gain, effect of negative feedback on gain stability, distortion, bandwidth, input and output impedance of amplifier, types of feedback (voltage, current, series and shunt) and their analysis.
Oscillators: condition of sustained oscillation, RC phase shift, LC (Hartley and Collpit) Oscillators, Wein Bridge, Negative resistance (Tunnel diode and UJT) oscillators, crystal oscillators.

Unit III Power amplifier, classification, operation, analysis and design of Class A, Class B, Class-AB, Class C, transformer coupled, push pull and complementary symmetry amplifiers, power dissipation in transistors (Pd  rating) and efficiency calculations. max
Tuned amplifier and its applications, Q factor, selectivity and bandwidth, effect of loading, double tuning (synchronous and stagger)

Unit IV Cascade amplifiers, Calculation of gain, Input and output impedance, Effect of Cascading on bandwidth, Transformer, RC and direct-coupled amplifier and their performance.
Darlington connection, equivalent circuit and Calculation of gain and impedances, Cascade amplifier: advantage, circuit diagram and analysis, feedback pair and applications of BIFET, Bootstrapping technique. 
Differential amplifier - configuration, transfer characteristics, DC analysis, h-parameter analysis, differential and common mode gain, CMRR, constant current source and current mirror, level shift. 

Unit-V Operational amplifier (IC741), specifications, ideal and practical characteristics, frequency response, unity gain bandwidth, limitations, slew rate and its effect on full power bandwidth, input offset voltage, bias and offset currents, compensation. 

Applications of Op-Amp: Inverting and non-inverting amplifier Analog computation, summer (inverting and non-inverting), averager, integrator, differentiator, scalar, sign changer, phase changer, multiplier, buffer, Differential amplifier, instrumentation amplifier, comparator, Schmitt trigger, precision rectifier, log and antilog amplifier, voltage-to-current and current-to-voltage converter.

EC-4th sem Electronic Circuits Suggested Boos/References:
1. Millman and Halkias : Integrated electronics, TMH
2. Gayakwad ; OPAMP and Linear Integrated Circuits, Pearson Education
3. Boylestad and Nashelsky : Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory, PHI
4. Sendra and Smith : Microelectronics, Oxford Press 
5. Graham Bell : Electronic Devices and Circuits , PHI
6. Donald A Neamen : Electronic Circuits Analysis and Design, TMH
7. Salivahanan et al : Electronic Devices and Circuits, TMH

EC-4th sem Electronic Circuits List of Experiments (Expandable):
All experiments (wherever applicable) should be performed through the following steps. 

Step 1: Circuit should be designed/ drafted on paper. 

Step 2: The designed/drafted circuit should be simulated using Simulation S/W (TINA-V7/ PSPICE/ Labview/ CIRCUIT MAKER). 

Step 3: The designed/drafted circuit should be tested on the bread board and compare the results with the simulated results. 

Step 4: The bread board circuit should be fabricated on PCB prepared on PCB machine..

1. Char. Of Op-Amp (input offset voltage, slew rate, CMRR, BW, input bias current).
2. Linear application of Op-Amp (voltage follower, inverting and non-inverting amplifier and their frequency response, adder, subtractor, differential amplifier, integrator and differential frequency response)
3. To design and construct a shunt and series regulator and find line and load regulation.
4. Design and performance evaluation of transistors amplifiers in CE, CB and CC configuration
5. Design and performance evaluation of FET amplifiers.
6. Design and performance evaluation of feedback amplifiers.
7. Design and performance evaluation of power amplifiers.
8. Design and performance evaluation of tuned amplifiers.

BM 4th sem Analog and Digital Communication (ADC) Syllabus BM 405

BM -405 Analog and Digital Communication (ADC) Syllabus

 RGTU/RGPV Analog and Digital Communication (ADC) SYLLABUS

Bio-Medical Engineering BM 4th Semester Syllabus,

Unit-I Time domain and frequency domain representation of signal, Fourier Transform and its properties, Transform of Gate, Periodic gate, Impulse periodic impulse sine and cosine wave, Concept of energy density and power density (Parseval’s theorem), Power density of periodic gate and impulse function, impulse response of a system, convolutions, convolution with impulse function, causal and non causal system impulse response of ideal low pass filter, Correlation & Auto correlation.

Unit-II Base band signal, need of modulation, Introduction of modulations techniques,Amplitude modulation, Equation and its frequency domain representation, Bandwidth, Power distribution. AM suppressed carrier waveform equation and frequency  domain representation Generation (Balance/Chopper modulator) and synchronous detection technique, errors in synchronous detection, Introduction to SSB and VSB Transmission Angle modulation, Frequency and phase modulation equation and their relative phase and frequency deviations, modulation index frequency spectrum, NBFM and WBFM, Bandwidth comparison of modulation techniques.

Unit-III Sampling of signal, sampling theorem for low pass and Band pass signal, Pulse amplitude modulation (PAM), Time division, multiplexing (TDM). Channel Bandwidth for PAM-TDM signal Type of sampling instantaneous, Natural and flat top, Aperture effect, Introduction to pulse position and pulse duration modulations, Digital signal, Quantization, Quantization error, Pulse code modulation, signal to noise ratio, Companding, Data rate and Baud rate, Bit rate, multiplexed PCM signal, Differential PCM (DPCM), Delta Modulation (DM) and Adaptive Delta Modulation (ADM), comparison of various systems.

Unit-IV Digital modulations techniques, Generation, detection, equation and Bandwidth of amplitude shift keying (ASK) Binary Phase Shift keying (BPSK), Differential phase shift keying (DPSK), offset and non offset quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK), M-Ary PSK, Binary frequency Shift Keying (BFSK), M-Ary FSK Quadrature Amplitude modulation (QAM), MODEM, Introduction to probability of error.
Unit-V Information theory and coding- Information, entropies (Marginal and conditional), Model of a communication system, Mathematical representation of source, channel and receiver characteristics, Mutual information, channel capacity efficiency of noise free channel Binary symmetric channel (BSC) Binary erasure channel (BEC), Repetition of signal, NM symmetric Binary channel, Shannon theorem, Shanon-Hartley theorem (S/N-BW trade off)Source encoding code properties; Shanon, Fano and Huffman coding methods and their efficiency error control coding, Minimum Hamming distance, Linear Block Code, Cyclic code and convolution codes. Line Encoding: Manchester coding, RZ, NRZ coding.

Analog and Digital Communication (ADC) References:
1. Singh & Sapre, Communication System, TMH
2. Taub & shilling, Communication System, TMH
3. Hsu; Analog and digital communication(Schaum); TMH
4. B.P. Lathi, Modern Digital and analog communication system, 
5. Simon Haykins, Communication System. John Willy
6. Wayne Tomasi, Electronic Communication system. 
7. Martin S. Roden, Analog & Digital Communication System;  Discovery Press.
8. Frank R. Dungan, Electronic Communication System, Thomson/Vikas. 

Analog and Digital Communication (ADC) List of Experiments(Expandable)
1. Study of sampling process and signal reconstruction and aliasing.
2. Study of PAM PPM and PDM
3. Study of PCM transmitter and receiver.
4. Time division multiplexing (TDM) and De multiplexing
5. Study of ASK PSK and FSK transmitter and receiver.
6. Study of AM modulation and Demodulation techniques (Transmitter and Receiver) Calculate of parameters
7. Study of FM modulation and demodulation (Transmitter and Receiver) & Calculation of  parameters
8. To construct and verify pre emphasis and de-emphasis and plot the wave forms.
9. Study of super heterodyne receiver and characteristics of ratio radio receiver.
10. To construct frequency multiplier circuit and to observe the waveform
11. Study of AVC and AFC.

RGPV / RGTU BM 405 Analog and Digital Communication (ADC) Revised syllabus Bio-Medical Engineering(BM)

Tags: RGPV, BE, BM syllabus, Analog and Digital Communication (ADC) syllabus, B.E. Bio-Medical Engineering, BM IV Semester syllabus, BM 4th Semester syllabus, RGPV BM 405 syllabus

Rajiv Gandhi Technological University, Bhopal (MP)
B.E. (BM) Bio-Medical Engineering FOURTH IV SEMESTER
BM 405 Analog and Digital Communication (ADC) syllabus
Revised Syllabus and Scheme of Examination Effective from July 2007

Unit-I Time domain and frequency domain representation of signal, Fourier Transform and its properties, Transform of Gate, Periodic gate, Impulse periodic impulse sine and cosine wave, Concept of energy density and power density (Parseval’s theorem), Power density of periodic gate and impulse function, impulse response of a system, convolutions, convolution with impulse function, causal and non causal system impulse response of ideal low pass filter, Correlation & Auto correlation.

Unit-II Base band signal, need of modulation, Introduction of modulations techniques, Amplitude modulation, Equation and its frequency domain representation, Bandwidth, Power distribution. AM suppressed carrier waveform equation and frequency domain representation Generation (Balance/Chopper modulator) and synchronous detection technique, errors in synchronous detection, Introduction to SSB and VSB Transmission Angle modulation, Frequency and phase modulation equation and their relative phase and frequency deviations, modulation index frequency spectrum, NBFM and WBFM, Bandwidth comparison of modulation techniques.

Unit-III Sampling of signal, sampling theorem for low pass and Band pass signal, Pulse amplitude modulation (PAM), Time division, multiplexing (TDM). Channel Bandwidth for PAM-TDM signal Type of sampling instantaneous, Natural and flat top, Aperture effect, Introduction to pulse position and pulse duration modulations, Digital signal, Quantization, Quantization error, Pulse code modulation, signal to noise ratio, Companding, Data rate and Baud rate, Bit rate, multiplexed PCM signal, Differential PCM (DPCM), Delta Modulation (DM) and Adaptive Delta Modulation (ADM), comparison of various systems.

Unit-IV Digital modulations techniques, Generation, detection, equation and Bandwidth of amplitude shift keying (ASK) Binary Phase Shift keying (BPSK), Differential phase shift keying (DPSK), offset and non offset quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK), M-Ary PSK, Binary frequency Shift Keying (BFSK), M-Ary FSK Quadrature Amplitude modulation (QAM), MODEM, Introduction to probability of error.

Unit-V Information theory and coding- Information, entropies (Marginal and conditional), Model of a communication system, Mathematical representation of source, channel and receiver characteristics, Mutual information, channel capacity efficiency of noise free channel Binary symmetric channel (BSC) Binary erasure channel (BEC), Repetition of signal, NM symmetric Binary channel, Shannon theorem, Shanon-Hartley theorem (S/N-BW trade off)Source encoding code properties; Shanon, Fano and Huffman coding methods and their efficiency error control coding, Minimum Hamming distance, Linear Block Code, Cyclic code and convolution codes. Line Encoding: Manchester coding, RZ, NRZ coding.

References:
1. Singh & Sapre, Communication System, TMH
2. Taub & shilling, Communication System, TMH
3. Hsu; Analog and digital communication(Schaum); TMH
4. B.P. Lathi, Modern Digital and analog communication system,
5. Simon Haykins, Communication System. John Willy
6. Wayne Tomasi, Electronic Communication system.
7. Martin S. Roden, Analog & Digital Communication System; Discovery Press.
8. Frank R. Dungan, Electronic Communication System, Thomson/Vikas.

RGPV / RGTU B.E. BM, 4th (IV) Semester syllabus BM 402 Human Physiology-II Revised syllabus Bio-Medical Engineering(BM)

Tags: RGPV, BE, BM syllabus, Human Physiology-II syllabus, B.E. Bio-Medical Engineering, BM IV Semester syllabus, BM 4th Semester syllabus, RGPV BM 402 syllabus

Rajiv Gandhi Technological University, Bhopal (MP)
B.E. (BM) Bio-Medical Engineering FOURTH IV SEMESTER
BM 402 Human Physiology-II syllabus
Revised Syllabus and Scheme of Examination Effective from July 2007

Unit-I Nervous system: Structure of neuron and nerve fibre, nerve centers – Brain, its various parts and their functions, brainstem and spinal cord. Receptors, ascending and descending tracts,
sensory perception with special reference to pain, Muscle tone, Regulation of posture and equilibrium and function of automatic nervous system.

Unit-II Special senses: Mechanism of vision, Color vision, Mechanism of Hearing, Test of hearing, Audimetry, Olfaction. Touch.

Unit-III Endocrine system: Endocrine glands, Hormonal Secretion and their effect, Reproductive system: functions of male reproduction system, Female reproduction organs and contraception.

Unit IV Digestive system: Salivary, Gastric and intestinal digestion and motility of gastrointestinal tract. Basic principles of metabolism and nutrition. - Enzymes - Classification - mode of action - factors influencing the enzyme action.

Unit V Biochemistry: Water and electrolytes - Brief description - acid base balance - electrophoresis - flame photometry - densitometry- colorimetry & pH metry.

References:
1. Text book of Human Physiology; Guyton, Saunderson.
2. Essentials of Anatomy & Physiology; Seeley, MGH
3. Human Physiology & Anatomy; Marieb, Adison Wesley
4. Principles of Anatomy & Physiology; Tortora, Wiley
5. Human Physiology (Vol I & II); Chatterjee, MAA
6. Medical Physiology; Marya, CBS
7. Essentials of Medical Physiology; Sembulingam, Jaypee

List of experiments(Expandable):-
1. Study of blood pressure by sphygmomanometer.
2. Study of heart activity by ECG instrument.
3. Study heart sound by phonocardiogram.
4. Measurement of blood Hemoglobin O2 saturation level by plethysmoghraph.

RGPV / RGTU B.E. BM, 4th (IV) Semester syllabus BM 401 Biomedical Physics Revised syllabus Bio-Medical Engineering(BM)

Tags: RGPV, BE, BM syllabus, Biomedical Physicsy syllabus, B.E. Bio-Medical Engineering, BM IV Semester syllabus, BM 4th Semester syllabus, RGPV BM 401 syllabus

Rajiv Gandhi Technological University, Bhopal (MP)
B.E. (BM) Bio-Medical Engineering FOURTH IV SEMESTER
BM 401 Biomedical Physics syllabus
Revised Syllabus and Scheme of Examination Effective from July 2007

Unit-I Bioelectricity: Theory of diffusion & permeability through biological membrane, Resting Membrane potential, Generation & transmission of impulses, Ionic channels, monophasic and biphasic recordings, Electrical activity of the heart Pace maker potential, Electrocardiography. Biological transducers, Receptor potentials. Electrical activity of the brain, Hodgin- Huxley model of squid giant axon. Contemporary models of neurons Synaptic transmission.

Unit-II Elasticity of living cell materials ,Elasticity and braking strength of bones, Muscle as a helical spring, Introduction of biomaterials, Structure and properties of material used as implants: Polymer, Ceramics, Metals composite bone cements , Tissue material. Tissue responses to implant, Cellular responses to foreign soft and hard tissues, uses of implants, Viscosity of Elemental protoplasm and its determination in cell, Role of viscosity in preparation and use of Pharmaceuticals, Surface energies of living materials, Surface tension of Bio-Fluids and its measurement.

Unit-III Radiation Biophysics-Radio Emission – Law of radioactive decay half life period- Production of radioisotopes for medical use, Generation & sources of electromagnetic radiation, Interaction of radiation with matter and tissue, Useful and harmful effects of magnetic fields, Radio waves, Micro waves, Ultraviolet radiation and infrared red thickness- Photo electric, Compton and pair production process and their significance in radiology. Radiation units- Detection and measurements of radiation.

Unit-IV Fluid Biophysics System, Fluid flow across the membrane, Fick’s diffusion equation, coefficient of diffusion and permeability constant and their role in therapeutics, Influence of tubewell, Radius of tube, Length of tube and R.B.C. concentration on blood flow, Total energy equation for blood. The heart as a pump.

Unit-V Thermodynamics of living System: Living body as a thermodynamics system, Thermodynamic laws applied to bio-systems, Expressions for changes in internal energy and negative entropy change in living systems, Application of heat & mass Transfer principles to biological systems. Heat exchange, between a biological system & environment, Effect of hypothermia and hyperthermia, Production of ultra low and low temperature for medical use.

References:
1. Biophysics; Cotteril, wiley Publisher
2. Methods in modern biophysics- Benget Notling, Springer
3. Biophysics- Pattabhi, Gautham, Kulwer Acad Publisher
4. Massey and Meredeth, “Medical Physics”.
5. David Freifelder, “Molecular Biology”, Johns and Bartlet
6. David Cooney, “Principles of Biomedical Engineering”.
7. Ruch and Patton, “Bio Physics and Medical Physiology”

RGPV / RGTU B.E. BM, 4th (IV) Semester syllabus BM 403 Analog Electronics Revised syllabus Bio-Medical Engineering(BM)

Tags: RGPV, BE, BM syllabus, Analog Electronics syllabus, B.E. Bio-Medical Engineering, BM IV Semester syllabus, BM 4th Semester syllabus, RGPV BM 403 syllabus

Rajiv Gandhi Technological University, Bhopal (MP)
B.E. (BM) Bio-Medical Engineering FOURTH IV SEMESTER
BM 403 Analog Electronics syllabus
Revised Syllabus and Scheme of Examination Effective from July 2007

Unit I Bipolar Junction Transistor: Concept of load line, Biasing and bias stability, transistor at low and high frequencies, Transistor modeling – transistor hybrid model, the h parameters, the hybrid pi- model, gain bandwidth product.

Unit II JFET: Construction, Operation and Biasing of JFET, and MOSFET device, The FET small signal model, V-I characteristics, biasing and load line equivalent circuits of the device, analysis of FET amplifiers.

Unit III Multistage or Cascade amplifier: classification of multi-stage amplifier, coupling and frequency response of cascaded systems, effect of cascading on voltage gain, current gain, phase, input and output impedances and bandwidth of cascaded or multistage amplifiers, types of coupling, cascade and cascade circuits, tiller theorem, Darlington pair, bootstrap circuit.

Unit IV Tuned amplifier: single tuned, double tuned and stagger tuned amplifiers characteristics
and their frequency response.

Unit V Power amplifier: Class A, B, AB, push pull and Class C power amplifiers, Comparisons of their efficiencies, types of distortion.

References:
1. Integrated Electronics. - Millman Halkias TMH
2. Electronic Devices & circuits – Boyelstad & Neshelsky – PHI
3. Electronic Devices & Circuits – David A.Bell – PHI
4. Principles of Electronic Devices – Malvino
5. Electronics Devices and circuits – Salivahanan Vallavraj, TMH

List of Experiments (Expandable):
All experiments (wherever applicable) should be performed through the following steps.
Step 1: Circuit should be designed/ drafted on paper.
Step 2: The designed/drafted circuit should be simulated using Simulation S/W (TINA-V7/ PSPICE/ Labview/ CIRCUIT MAKER).
Step 3: The designed/drafted circuit should be tested on the bread board and compare the results with the simulated results.
Step 4: The bread board circuit should be fabricated on PCB prepared on PCB machine.

1. To plot common base configuration input/output characteristic of PNP bipolar junction
transistor.
2. To plot common emitter configuration input/output characteristic of NPN bipolar junction
transistor.
3. To plot common Collector base configuration input/output characteristic of PNP bipolar
junction transistor.
4. To draw the characteristics of FET.
5. To draw the frequency response characteristics of various types of amplifiers e.g. tuned
and power amplifiers.